The National Medical Commission (NMC) is a regulatory body established in India to oversee and regulate medical education, as well as the medical profession in the country. It serves as a replacement for the previous regulatory authority, the Medical Council of India (MCI), which was dissolved in 2019.

The NMC was established through the National Medical Commission Act, 2019, which received assent from the President of India on August 8, 2019. The primary objective of the NMC is to ensure high-quality medical education and improve the healthcare system in India. It aims to achieve this by implementing reforms in medical education and regulating the medical profession in a transparent and accountable manner.

The key features of the National Medical Commission include:

1. Governance Structure: The NMC is composed of a Chairman and 10 ex-officio members, including representatives from various medical and health-related fields, as well as government officials. The members are appointed by the central government and are responsible for formulating policies and guidelines for medical education and professional conduct.
2. Functions and Responsibilities: The NMC is responsible for formulating policies and standards for medical education, including curriculum, assessment, and the establishment of new medical institutions. It also grants recognition to medical qualifications, monitors the maintenance of standards in medical colleges, and ensures the availability of adequate and high-quality healthcare professionals.
3. National Exit Test (NEXT): The NMC introduced the National Exit Test, which serves as a common final examination for medical graduates in India. The NEXT is aimed at assessing the competency of medical graduates for the purposes of granting licenses to practice medicine and for postgraduate admissions. It replaces the previous system of multiple entrance examinations for postgraduate admissions.
4. State Medical Councils: The NMC works in coordination with State Medical Councils (SMCs) to ensure uniformity in medical education and practice across the country. SMCs are responsible for the registration and regulation of medical practitioners within their respective states, while the NMC provides guidance and oversight.
5. Ethics and Professional Conduct: The NMC sets ethical standards and guidelines for the medical profession and monitors the conduct of medical practitioners. It has the power to take disciplinary action against doctors found guilty of professional misconduct or negligence, ensuring accountability and patient safety.

The establishment of the National Medical Commission has brought significant reforms to the medical education and healthcare system in India. It aims to improve the quality of medical education, enhance the skills of healthcare professionals, and promote a transparent and accountable medical regulatory system. By setting stringent standards and ensuring ethical practices, the NMC plays a crucial role in shaping the future of medical education and healthcare delivery in India.